基于抛物方程的无线电环境地图快速构建方法

Rapid construction of radio environment map based on parabolic equation

摘要:

研究一种基于三维抛物方程的无线电环境地图快速构建方法，并探讨几种空间插值方法的精确度和适用性，为网络优化和管理提供一种有效工具。利用抛物方程快速计算大区域复杂环境电场分布，参考地理学中最佳统计单元选取四种典型研究区域，分别采用Kriging、反距离加权法(IDW)、双调和样条插值和基于三角剖分的几种插值法对研究区域进行分析。结果表明：a) 几种三角剖分插值和双调和样条插值在各区域RMSE最小且时间最短，但空间拟合程度最低；b) Kriging在各区域中空间拟合程度最高，RMSE和时间随半方差模型有所差异；c) IDW在各区域中RMSE和空间拟合程度较好，但需要时间最长。几种空间插值方法中，指数模型Kriging能以最高精确度和适用性构建基于三维抛物方程的无线电环境地图。

Abstract:

A method of rapidly building radio environment map based on three-dimensional parabolic equation is studied, and the accuracy and applicability of several spatial interpolation methods are discussed, which provides an effective tool for network optimization and management. Firstly, the electric field distribution in large area and complex environment is calculated by using parabolic equation. Then, four typical research areas are selected with reference to the best statistical unit in geography, and Kriging, Inverse Distance Weighting(IDW), biharmonic spline interpolation and several interpolation methods based on triangulation are adopted to analyze the research area. It shows that several kinds of triangulation interpolation and biharmonic spline interpolation have the smallest RMSE and the shortest time in each region, but the degree of spatial fitting is the lowest; Kriging has the highest spatial fitting degree in each region, and the RMSE and time vary with the semi-variance model; IDW has a good spatial fitting and RMSE in each region, but it takes the longest time. Among several spatial interpolation methods, the Kriging of the exponential model can construct the radio environment map based on the three-dimensional parabolic equation with the highest accuracy and applicability.