低轨大规模卫星星座系统建模与干扰分析

Analysis of inter-system interference of large-scale LEO satellite constellation

摘要:

针对低轨(LEO)大规模卫星星座系统存在电磁空间复杂且难于观测的问题，对低轨卫星星座链路特征进行研究。以Starlink和OneWeb星座为研究对象，根据低轨卫星的星座参数，获取等效全向辐射功(EIRP)值并进行可视化处理；对获取到的低轨电磁卫星数据进行分析，获取数据的衰减特性和时间、频率等的数据关系，计算星间的链路干扰以及时间上的分布特征；获取相对干扰时间的特征值以及星间数据的衰减与时频的多维特性，并分析不同场景下的干扰时间特征，从多个维度分析低轨大规模卫星星座系统间星间链路的干扰情况并进行仿真验证。实验证明了低轨大规模卫星星座系统之间的星间链路存在干扰情况，且频率越高，干扰现象越明显。

Abstract:

The electromagnetic space of large-scale Low Earth Orbit(LEO) satellite constellation system is complex and difficult to observe. The link characteristics of LEO satellite constellation are studied. Firstly, taking Starlink and OneWeb constellations as the research objects, according to the constellation parameters of LEO satellites, Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power(EIRP) values are obtained and visualized. Then the data of LEO electromagnetic satellite are analyzed to obtain the numerical relationship between attenuation characteristics and time, frequency, etc. The inter-satellite link interference and its temporal distribution characteristics are calculated. The characteristic values of relative interference time are obtained, as well as the attenuation and time-frequency multi-dimensional characteristics of inter-satellite data. The time characteristics of interference in different scenarios are analyzed. The inter-satellite link interference of large-scale LEO satellite constellation system is studied from multiple dimensions and verified by simulation. Finally, it is proved that there is interference in the inter-satellite links among large-scale LEO satellite constellation systems, and the higher the frequency is, the more obvious the interference is.