宽波束宽角轴比四臂螺旋天线设计

Design of a quadrifilar helical antenna with wide beam and wide angle axial ratio

摘要:

为解决复杂星体环境多径干扰问题，同时满足卫星在轨高速数据传输对测控信道能力的需求，设计了一种带扼流圈的两臂等幅、相位相差90°馈电的四臂螺旋天线。该天线工作在S频段，具有半空间波束覆盖、主向增益高、宽角圆极化性能优异、体积小、质量轻等特性。实测数据表明，该天线圆极化轴比在±110°范围内小于3 dB，仿真与实测结果一致性好。本文还针对多径干扰问题对特定方向的增益和轴比性能进一步调整优化，以满足不同的使用需求。

Abstract:

A quadrifilar helical antenna equipped with chokes is designed in order to solve the problem of multipath interference in the complex satellite surface electromagnetic environment, and to meet the requirements of satellite high-speed data transmission for telemetry, track and command system. This antenna has two arms at equal amplitude and the feed at 90° phase difference. It works in the S-band, with half-space beam coverage, high gain, wide-angle circular polarization, small size, and light weight. The simulation and measurement results show that the circular polarization axis ratio of the antenna is less than 3 dB in the range of ±110° and the simulation results are in good agreement with measurement. A solution to the problem of multipath interference is also proposed in this paper. The gain and axis ratio of specific direction are adjusted to meet different requirements.