基于多级能量阈值的簇头更新策略

Multi-level energy threshold-based cluster head update strategy

摘要:

簇路由是节省无线传感网络(WSNs)能量的有效策略。簇头的选择是簇路由的关键。然而，传统的簇路由是采用固定周期更新簇头，并没有考虑到簇头的剩余能量。为此，针对稳定簇头选择协议(SEP)进行改进，提出基于多级能量阈值的簇头更新策略，记为I-SEP。I-SEP路由考虑三类节点，这三类节点的初始能量不同。并针对三类节点的能量以及比例，计算它们成为簇头的概率和阈值。同时，每轮计算簇头的剩余能量，只有簇头剩余能量小于预定的阈值，才进行簇头更新，否则原来的簇头仍作为簇头，进而减少了更换簇头所带来的能耗。仿真结果表明，相比于SEP，提出的I-SEP路由有效地降低了能耗，延长了网络寿命。

Abstract:

Cluster routing is an effective strategy to save energy of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs).The selection of cluster head is the key of cluster routing. However, the traditional cluster routing is to update the cluster-head in a fixed period without considering the residual energy of the cluster-head. Therefore, the Stable Election Protocol(SEP) is improved to propose a cluster-head update strategy based on multi-level energy threshold, denoted as I-SEP. The I-SEP route considers three types of nodes with different initial energies. According to the energy and proportion of the three types of nodes, the probability and threshold of them becoming cluster heads are calculated. At the same time, the energy of the cluster head is calculated in each round. Only when the energy of the cluster head is less than the energy threshold, the cluster head is updated; otherwise, the original cluster head remains, thus reducing the energy consumption caused by the replacement of the cluster head. Simulation results show that compared with SEP, the proposed I-SEP route effectively reduces the energy consumption and prolongs the network life.