微带电路无源互调干扰问题综述

Review of Passive Intermodulation in microstrip circuits

摘要:

无源互调（PIM）干扰是微波射频电路面临的主要可靠性问题之一，随着微波射频电路小型集成化发展，微带电路无源互调效应研究开始受到工业界和学术界广泛关注。研究微带电路无源互调机理、评估和抑制方法，对于制备小型化、高可靠性微波射频电路具有重要价值。与腔体部件相比，微带电路的非线性往往是分布的，且与基材选择、制造工艺和器件结构等方面都有重要关系，因此研究难度更大。近年来虽然关注微带电路互调的研究越来越多，但依然难以直接指导微带电路的实际设计。基于此，本文系统论述了近年来微带电路无源互调领域的研究情况，包括非线性机理、仿真建模以及测试诊断等方面，为未来更深入地研究微带电路无源互调效应提供参考。

Abstract:

Passive Intermodulation(PIM) is one of the key reliability problems of the microwave circuits. With the development of microwave system integration and miniaturization, the microstrip circuits are widely used in the industry and studied by the researchers. Therefore, it has great value to investigate the physical mechanisms, the evaluation methods, and the suppression technologies of the PIM interference in the microstrip circuits. The nonlinearities in the microstrip circuits are usually distributed, which are usually different from that of the cavity based microwave devices, and they are also associated with the substrate materials, the fabrication processes and the device structures. All these make it difficult to solve the PIM problems in the microstrip circuits. Though more and more PIM investigations for the mircostrip circuits have been reported in recent years, the practical high-quality circuit-design still faces challenge. In this paper, we review the recent developments about the PIM phenomenon in the microstrip circuits including the nonlinearity mechanisms, the modeling and simulation methods, and the measurement technologies, which could provide comprehensive guidance for the future study of the PIM problems in the microstrip circuits.