面向高速铁路车站场景的多频段信道特性

Multi-band channel characterization for high-speed train station scenario

摘要:

为助力我国铁路数字化转型升级，需加快推进智能铁路的总体建设。以厦门北高铁车站为目标场景，结合我国铁路实际，采用射线跟踪(RT)技术对932 MHz、2.1 GHz、41 GHz和93.2 GHz 4个频段的铁路综合数字移动通信系统(GSM-R)、铁路5G(5G-R)、毫米波通信系统3种制式的信道特性展开研究。依托高性能射线跟踪仿真，精准刻画了不同频段下高铁车站场景的电波传播特性，对多频段、多制式下的多维度信道特性进行比较和研究。结果表明，电波频率越高，无线信号覆盖范围越小；且经由散射体产生的多径越少，多径信号在时间域和空间域的色散程度越弱。本文研究基于高铁车站的应用场景，为铁路专用移动通信系统的设计与改善提供了相应的理论依据、数据支持。

Abstract:

The overall construction of the intelligent railways should be promoted in order to facilitate the digital transformation of railways. Taking the Xiamen North Station as the scenario and combining with the actual situation of China's railways, the channel characteristics of Global System for Mobile Communications-Railway(GSM-R), 5G-Railway(5G-R) and millimeter wave communication systems based on high-performance ray tracing at the four frequency bands of 932 MHz, 2.1 GHz, 41 GHz and 84.25 GHz are studied. Relying on high-performance Ray Tracing(RT) simulation, the radio propagation characteristics of high-speed rail station scenarios under different frequency bands are accurately modeled, and then the multi-dimensional channel characteristics under multi-band multi-standard are compared and studied. The outcomes indicate that as the radio frequency increases, the wireless signal coverage becomes smaller. And the less the multipaths generated by scatterers, the weaker the dispersion of multipath signal will be in the time and space domains. The research can provide theoretical basis and data support for the design and optimization of the railway dedicated mobile communication system for the high-speed railway station scenario.