基于相控阵馈源的射电望远镜结构扰动补偿

Structure disturbance compensation of radio telescope based on phased array feed

摘要:

为解决大型射电望远镜天线受重力、风和日照影响引起的馈源扰动、反射面表面形变的问题，采用相控阵馈源技术，通过对每个单元进行适当的激励，弥补馈源扰动和反射面表面形变导致的幅相误差。对比了高斯馈源和相控阵馈源在3种不同情况下的性能，仿真结果表明，相控阵馈源不仅可以纠正馈源扰动导致的指向偏差，还可以补偿反射面形变导致的相位误差，提高波束的性能。相控阵馈源将传统机械式形面调整转换为电子式形面补偿，不仅提高了天线的性能，还降低了资源消耗，适用于大型射电望远镜天线。

Abstract:

To address the issues of feed perturbation and reflector surface deformation in large radio telescope antennas caused by gravity, wind, and solar radiation, phased array feed technology is employed. By appropriately exciting each unit, the amplitude and phase errors resulting from feed perturbation and reflector surface deformation are compensated for. The performance of Gaussian feeds and phased array feeds under three different conditions is compared, and simulation results indicate that phased array feeds can not only correct the pointing deviation caused by feed perturbation but also compensate for the phase errors caused by reflector deformation, thereby enhancing the performance of the beam. Phased array feeds convert traditional mechanical surface adjustments to electronic surface compensation, which not only improves the performance of the antenna but also reduces resource consumption, making them suitable for large radio telescope antennas.